A study published in the journal Lancet Regional Health—Southeast Asia reported that scientists have discovered genetic similarities and variances between distinct types of type 2 diabetes in India and Europe, which can be utilized to manage the disease better. 

Previously, the researchers from Sweden had demonstrated that diabetes may be classified into five categories, with genetic variations between the four groupings linked to type 2 diabetes.

The study was based on clinical data from 2,217 patients and a genetic risk score analysis (GRS) based on a study in western India on 821 adults and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and indicate that the categorization approach is appropriate to a population in western India.

According to experts, the study emphasizes genetic parallels and variances between various types of type 2 diabetes in India and Europe. They claimed that the features of all Indian subgroups mirrored those found in European patients with diabetes. 

This reinforces prior research showing a variant of type 2 diabetes characterized by a relatively low BMI is the most frequent form of the illness in India, termed as severe insulin-deficient diabetes (SIDD) and distinguished by early onset, inadequate insulin production, and poor metabolic control. Around 47 % of all the participants in the Indian study with type 2 diabetes individuals were diagnosed with SIDD. 

Previous research has shown that the most frequent kind of diabetes in Sweden is moderate age-related diabetes (MARD).

Experts also reported that early childhood malnutrition may be a key factor in the emergence of type 2 diabetes in Indians. Moderate obesity-related diabetes (MOD), characterized by obesity, early start, and a relatively modest disease development was found to make up the second biggest category in India with diabetes. Additionally, the researchers noted that a genetic variation for vitamin B12 insufficiency was observed among Indian MOD diabetics but not in the Swedish, suggesting that the illnesss etiology varied across the two ethnicities.

(Source: https://indianexpress.com/article/lifestyle/health/new-finding-may-improve-type-2-diabetes-treatment-in-india-lancet-study-8589485/)